Underreaction to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Identifieur interne : 001454 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001453; suivant : 001455Underreaction to AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa
Auteurs : John C. Caldwell [Australie] ; I. O. Orubuloye [Australie] ; Pat Caldwell [Australie]Source :
- Social Science & Medicine [ 0277-9536 ] ; 1992.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Kenya, Nigeria.
- topic : étude de cas, Groupe ethnique, Statut social.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- African governments, African ideas, African poetry, African societies, African society, African systems, Aids, Aids deaths, Aids epidemic, Ancestral spirit, Ancestral spirits, Belief systems, Caldwell, Case study, Diviner, East africa, Ekiti district, Ekiti study, Ethnic group, Evil forces, Ghana ministry, Good fortune, Greater degree, Healer, Health transition centre, Heterosexual transmission, Indigenous medicine, Industrialised countries, International organisations, Kenya, Little discussion, Long latency period, Maclean, Major reason, Modern medicine, Modern science, Nigeria, Northern ghana, Ondo state, Other hand, Other spirits, Oxford university press, Population projections, Premature death, Prenatal destiny, Rural populations, Rural town, Sexual activities, Sexual activity, Sexual behavior, Sexual networking, Sexual relations, Similar picture, Smallpox, Social history, Social status, Sorcery, Southern africa, Southern nigeria, Special category, Symptom, Traditional african religion, Traditional healers, Traditional religion, Traditional religions, Underreaction, Uppsala university press, West africa, West african, Whole region, Wide range, Witch, Witchcraft, World bank, Yoruba.
- Teeft :
- African governments, African ideas, African poetry, African societies, African society, African systems, Aids, Aids deaths, Aids epidemic, Ancestral spirit, Ancestral spirits, Belief systems, Caldwell, Case study, Diviner, East africa, Ekiti district, Ekiti study, Ethnic group, Evil forces, Ghana ministry, Good fortune, Greater degree, Healer, Health transition centre, Heterosexual transmission, Indigenous medicine, Industrialised countries, International organisations, Kenya, Little discussion, Long latency period, Maclean, Major reason, Modern medicine, Modern science, Nigeria, Northern ghana, Ondo state, Other hand, Other spirits, Oxford university press, Population projections, Premature death, Prenatal destiny, Rural populations, Rural town, Sexual activities, Sexual activity, Sexual behavior, Sexual networking, Sexual relations, Similar picture, Smallpox, Social history, Social status, Sorcery, Southern africa, Southern nigeria, Special category, Symptom, Traditional african religion, Traditional healers, Traditional religion, Traditional religions, Underreaction, Uppsala university press, West africa, West african, Whole region, Wide range, Witch, Witchcraft, World bank, Yoruba.
Abstract
In those parts of Sub-Saharan Africa most affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic both public and private reaction to the seriousness of the epidemic have been less than might have been anticipated. This limited reaction weakens national, community and family responses to the epidemic and also reduces the pressure on international donors to provide adequate support. The paper first examines the reasons for underreaction by governments. These reasons include an assessment that successes will not be easily achieved, a reluctance to give leadership in areas of private sensitivity, an awareness of the fragility of the data base, a persistent feeling that it is a disease of foreign origin with a foreign overreaction to the situation in Africa, and the nature of the disease itself with a long latency period, obscure symptoms and an urban bias. Nevertheless, the paper argues that the more fundamental underreaction, shaping the reactions of governments, is that from the community itself. This arises partly from the demonstration that it is a sexually transmitted disease in societies where the discussion of sexual relations between the generations and the sexes has always been difficult and where new religions have in some societies reinforced older attitudes towards the shame of being discovered to have had illicit relationships. However, the main reasons lie in continuing aspects of the cultures which emphasize the multiple antecedents of misfortune and plural explanations of death, an element of predestination in when death takes place, a concept of good fortune—sometimes arising from or demonstrated by sexual activity—which renders misadventure unlikely, and a courage when facing death which is partly attributable to belief about survival beyond this event.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0277-9536(92)90310-M
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In those parts of Sub-Saharan Africa most affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic both public and private reaction to the seriousness of the epidemic have been less than might have been anticipated. This limited reaction weakens national, community and family responses to the epidemic and also reduces the pressure on international donors to provide adequate support. The paper first examines the reasons for underreaction by governments. These reasons include an assessment that successes will not be easily achieved, a reluctance to give leadership in areas of private sensitivity, an awareness of the fragility of the data base, a persistent feeling that it is a disease of foreign origin with a foreign overreaction to the situation in Africa, and the nature of the disease itself with a long latency period, obscure symptoms and an urban bias. Nevertheless, the paper argues that the more fundamental underreaction, shaping the reactions of governments, is that from the community itself. This arises partly from the demonstration that it is a sexually transmitted disease in societies where the discussion of sexual relations between the generations and the sexes has always been difficult and where new religions have in some societies reinforced older attitudes towards the shame of being discovered to have had illicit relationships. However, the main reasons lie in continuing aspects of the cultures which emphasize the multiple antecedents of misfortune and plural explanations of death, an element of predestination in when death takes place, a concept of good fortune—sometimes arising from or demonstrated by sexual activity—which renders misadventure unlikely, and a courage when facing death which is partly attributable to belief about survival beyond this event.</div>
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